A method to calculate pitch cones for hypoid gears using macrogeometry parameters—similar to non-offset bevel gears—while accounting for the added complexity of hypoid offset, tooling, and cutting technology is explored in this paper.


This study aims to propose a robust reverse engineering methodology for straight bevel gears, especially for those found in inter-wheel differentials.
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This study examines the implementation and experimental validation of state-of-the-art plastic worm gear design methods, focusing on the VDI 2736 guideline as the most comprehensive reference for load-carrying capacity calculations.
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This work aims to demonstrate the potential benefit of applying nanocomposite coatings to gear teeth to reduce operating friction and wear by presenting tribological test data.
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This study explores the failure mode morphology of FZG-A test gears. It aims to examine the orphologies of scuffing, scoring, scratches, and polishing using high-magnification light optical microscopy (LOM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images.
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Variable loads resulting from a working process, starting process, or operation near a critical speed will cause varying stresses at the gear teeth of a drive system. The magnitude and frequency of these loads depend upon the driven machine, the motor, the dynamic mass elastic properties of the system, and other effects.

From the outside, Gallmar Industries, nestled into an Oshkosh, WI, neighborhood, looks like any unassuming, medium-sized gear shop. Then take a plant tour with Gallmar’s VP of Operations Kenan Zolota—and prepare to be amazed. The facility stretches on like the Army’s warehouse at the end of Raiders of the Lost Ark, with everything from gear cutting to heat treat, gear grinding to inspection, all under one roof. Gallmar’s breadth of product line is in evidence too: defense-related transmission gears, 60-in. diameter internal gears for mining equipment, axle components for fire/ rescue trucks five feet in length, right down to a bin of brass ammunition casings that Zolota says are a special order.

In conventional gear manufacturing, quality control is carried out for a number of pieces per batch. Most parts enter final gearbox assembly without any inspection. Among other things, this approach is based on two facts: measuring time is significantly longer than the machining time, and the limited measuring capacity available.

Gas carburizing has been around for a long time. One could argue that gas carburizing is the most common heat treating process. Heat treaters performing gas carburizing are often characterized by a dirty environment, hazy surroundings, and that “smell.” While the product quality may be acceptable, gas carburized parts do come with some challenges, like excessive intergranular oxidation (IGO) or intergranular attack (IGA), which is often ground off. Low-pressure carburizing (LPC) has proven to be a much cleaner and very capable alternative process. Most furnace companies have combined LPC with high pressure gas quenching, which moved carburizing from the dark back room to a relatively “clean room” environment. However, there is still a strong need for oil quenching, which is the common feature of the long used standard integral-quench (IQ) furnace.
Discover four diagnostic enhancement tools that move RX® endothermic gas atmosphere generator operations from preventative to predictive maintenance. Learn how monitoring dew point by retort, comparing equal flow, tracking tube performance, and measuring outlet temperatures prevent costly failures while ensuring consistent, high-quality carrier gas production.
Discover how SECO/WARWICK’s PIT-LPC furnace cuts cycle times by 60%, doubles throughput, and eliminates CO₂ emissions. Learn how vacuum carburizing redefines performance, safety, and sustainability in large-part heat treatment.
Spiroid Gearing delivers precision gearing for advanced mechanical systems engineered to handle extreme torque and complex motion requirements. With unique right-angle gear solutions, our technology enhances efficiency, reliability, and design flexibility. This empowers engineers to push boundaries in aerospace, defense, robotics, and industrial applications where performance and durability are non-negotiable.
CNC Gear Machine Tools: The Strategic Case for Re-controlling AND Re-building Versus New
Setting up an in-house heat treating operation allows businesses throughout many industries to harness this powerful technology and create better-quality metal parts. In this article, Surface Combustion discusses the biggest cost considerations involved in purchasing in-house heat treating technology and investment strategies to ensure you maximize your ROI.
As a brand of Kapp Niles, Penta Gear designs, manufactures, and installs analytical metrology machines, while performing as a trusted source for contract gear and spline inspection.


HWR Workholding USA has launched a pair of new products designed to further support manufacturers seeking efficient and reliable automation systems. The INOFlex VF-A hydraulic 4-jaw chuck offers exceptional performance in turning applications, while the SOLIDPoint Pneumatic Coupler simplifies integration of SOLIDLine modular zero-point workholding with an existing pneumatic system.
Feb 10, 2026 - Feb 12, 2026

The AIoT World Expo (Fort Lauderdale, FL) is the premier event for exploring the convergence of Artificial Intelligence (AI) and the Internet of Things (IoT). This event serves as the gathering point for industry professionals to discover advancements, market opportunities, and understand the transformative power of AIoT across industries. Technologies include scalability, Edge, and AI data analytics, cloud solutions, machine learning (ML), and predictive analytics, cyber security and hybrid models.
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